Open Access

Books

Textbooks

Search for textbooks by course number via this list of textbooks on reserve. Also search by title in the Library's catalog. Request textbooks at the Circulation Desk. Use these books for up to two hours in the Library. Call numbers are designated by course number, e.g. BUS 101.

Print Books

Search for books in the Library's catalog. Also find print materials via the "Books and eBooks" tab on the Library website. Search by topic, title, author, etc.

• Circulating Books: Located on the Lower Level. Students may check out up to ten books at a time for 16 weeks with an FSC ID.
• Reference Books: Located on the First Floor. Must be used within the Library. Includes encyclopedias, handbooks, dictionaries, test prep books, etc.

eBooks

Search for ebooks via the "Books and eBooks" tab on the Library website. Search by topic, title, author, etc. View materials as a PDF and access from off campus with your FSC username and password.

Books and eBooks about Open Access
This pre-set search will allow you to browse the books and ebooks about Open Access at Greenley Library.

Websites

Berlin Declaration
The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities of 22 October 2003 was written in English. It is one of the milestones of the Open Access movement.

Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing
The following statements of principle were drafted during a one-day meeting held on April 11, 2003 at the headquarters of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Chevy Chase, Maryland. The purpose of this document is to stimulate discussion within the biomedical research community on how to proceed, as rapidly as possible, to the widely held goal of providing open access to the primary scientific literature. Our goal was to agree on significant, concrete steps that all relevant parties —the organizations that foster and support scientific research, the scientists that generate the research results, the publishers who facilitate the peer-review and distribution of results of the research, and the scientists, librarians and other who depend on access to this knowledge— can take to promote the rapid and efficient transition to open access publishing.

Budapest Open Access Initiative
On December 1-2, 2001, the Open Society Institute (OSI) called a meeting in Budapest of leading proponents of open access for scientific and scholarly journal literature. The goal was to see how far the many current initiatives could assist one another and how OSI could use its resources to help the cause.

The Hague Declaration  
The Hague Declaration aims to foster agreement about how to best enable access to facts, data and ideas for knowledge discovery in the Digital Age. By removing barriers to accessing and analyzing the wealth of data produced by society, we can find answers to great challenges such as climate change, depleting natural resources and globalization.

Harvard Open Access Project (HOAP)
HOAP launched in 2011 to foster open access (OA) within Harvard, foster OA beyond Harvard, undertake research and policy analysis on OA, and provide OA to timely and accurate information about OA itself.

Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles
Data should be considered legitimate, citable products of research. Data citation, like the citation of other evidence and sources, is good research practice and is part of the scholarly ecosystem supporting data reuse. In support of this assertion, and to encourage good practice, Force11 offers a set of guiding principles for data within scholarly literature, another dataset, or any other research object.

Open Speakers Database 
The Open Speakers Database is a crowd-sourced database of regional experts on Open Access, Open Education and Open Data, put together by the Right to Research Coalition and OpenCon.

Citing Sources in MLA Style

See below for basic guidelines and examples of MLA citation style.

Test your knowledge of MLA format with this quiz.

MLA Quiz

Why Cite?

Why you need to cite sources:

• Citing sources is the only way to use other people’s work without plagiarizing (i.e. if you are using any resource [journal article, book, website, report, interview, etc.], you NEED to give credit to the original source).
• The readers of your work need citations to learn more about your ideas and where they came from.
• Citing sources shows the amount of research you’ve done.
• Citing sources strengthens your work by lending outside support to your ideas.

In-Text Citations

In-text citations give credit to sources in the body of your paper. Use in-text citations when paraphrasing, directly quoting, or using ideas from sources.

• MLA citation style uses the author-page method for in-text citations: Author(s)’ last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text.
• Last names may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.

 

In-Text Citation Examples

Example 1. Writers should ask questions that will result in interesting answers (Zinsser 100). 
Example 2. Zinsser notes that writers should ask questions about interesting experiences in their subjects' lives (100). 
Example 3. Writers should ask their subjects "questions that will elicit answers about what is most interesting or vivid in their lives" (Zinsser 100). 

In-Text Citations vs. Works Cited Page

In text citations are brief, providing only some information about the resource being referenced. These citations must match up to a full citation in the Works Cited page. 
In text citations show readers where to find more information, by directing them to an entry in the Works Cited page. The Works Cited page provides much more information about the resource, so readers will be able to locate it and consult the original source. 

Example 1. The above in-text citations correspond to the following full citation, which would appear in the Works Cited page: 
Zinsser, William. On Writing Well: The Classic Guide to Writing Nonfiction. Harper Collins, 1976. 

Works Cited Page

The Works Cited page lists complete citations which correspond to in-text citations. The word or phrase you use in your in-text citations must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry in your Works Cited page.

Formatting

• • Separate page labeled “Works Cited,” double-spaced, same margins, etc. as rest of paper.
  • Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations by 0.5 inches to create a hanging indent.

Author Names

• • Alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
  • Authors' names are inverted (last name, first name; middle name/initial).
  • If a work has no known author, use a shortened version of the title.

Capitalization and Punctuation

• • Capitalize each word in the titles of articles, books, etc, but do not capitalize articles (the, an), prepositions, or conjunctions unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle, e.g. Gone with the Wind.
  • Use italics (instead of underlining) for titles of larger works (books, magazines) and quotation marks for titles of shorter works (poems, articles).

Works Cited Page Examples

Book
Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date.
Example: Zinsser, William. On Writing Well. The Classic Guide to Writing Nonfiction. HarperCollins, 1976.

Scholarly Article
Author Last Name, Author First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Periodical, volume number, issue number, Date Month Year,
pages, Database, DOI or URL.
Note: include the URL if there is no DOI
Example: Matsumura, Lindsay Clare, et al. "Classroom Writing Tasks and Students' Analytic Text-Based Writing" Reading
Research Quarterlr, vol. 50, no. 4, Oct.-Dec. 2015, pp. 417-38. Education Full Text (H.W. Wilson), doi:10. 1002/rrq.110.

A Page on a Website / Web document
List as much of the following information as possible (you sometimes have to hunt around to find the information).
Author Last Name, First Name/Organization. ''Title of Page" Name of Website, Date of Publication, URL, Date Accessed.
Example: Rodburg, Maxi ne, and Tutors of the Writing Center at Harvard University. "Developing a Thesis." Harvard University,
1999, writingcenter.fas harvard edu/pages/developing-thesis. Accessed 20 Mar. 2017.

Newspaper Article
Author (s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical, Day Month Year, pages
Example:  Fani, Anthony "Tips For College Students Searching For Internships" Philadelphia Tribune, 18 Oct. 2016, p. 14.

Videos

Video and audio sources need to be documented using the same basic guidelines for citing print sources in MLA style. Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author’s name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author’s name before the title.

McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube, uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.

NoodleTools

Access NoodleTools

NoodleTools is a citation manager that can help you generate and format citations correctly.

• Select the type of resource you are citing (article, book, website, etc.) and NoodleTools will prompt you to enter required information. A citation is then generated in your selected format (MLA).
• NoodleTools requires an account, so every time you log in your citations will be saved for you.
• When you are finished entering information, a reference list can be generated for you and exported to MS Word or Google Docs.

Citation Help

For more details and examples of MLA citation style, visit the following websites:

• Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)
  • MLA Formatting and Style Guide
  • MLA Paper Format
  • MLA Sample Paper
• The MLA Style Center
• The Writer’s Handbook: MLA Documentation Guide (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
• Plagiarism.org: How Do I Cite Sources?

 

Citing Sources

See below for basic guidelines and examples of APA citation style.
APA Style Quiz

Why Cite?

Why you need to cite sources:

• Citing sources is the only way to use other people’s work without plagiarizing (i.e. if you are using any resource [journal article, book, website, report, interview, etc.], you NEED to give credit to the original source).
• The readers of your work need citations to learn more about your ideas and where they came from.
• Citing sources shows the amount of research you’ve done.
• Citing sources strengthens your work by lending outside support to your ideas.

In-Text Citations

In-text citations give credit to sources in the body of your paper. Use in-text citations when paraphrasing, directly quoting, or using ideas from sources.

• APA citation style uses the author-date method for in-text citations: Author(s)’ last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text.
• Names may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the date should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.
• Include page numbers if you are directly quoting the material. 

See APA How to Format Citations and Helpful Tips

Reference List

Citations in the Reference List must correspond to in-text citations; The word or phrase you use in your in-text citations must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry in the Reference List.

See APA Sample Title Page and Reference List

Formatting

• • Separate page labeled “References,” double-spaced, same margins as rest of paper.
  • Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations by 0.5 inches to create a hanging indent.

Author Names

• • Alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
  • Authors' names are inverted (last name, first initial).
  • List all authors of a particular work for up to and including seven authors. If the work has more than seven authors, list the first six authors and then use ellipses (...) after the sixth author's name. After the ellipses, list the last author's name of the work.

Capitalization and Punctuation

• • Capitalize only the first word of a title and subtitle and proper nouns (books, chapters, articles, web pages).
  • Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals.
  • Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections.

NoodleTools

Access NoodleTools

NoodleTools is a citation manager that can help you generate and format citations correctly.

• Select the type of resource you are citing (article, book, website, etc.) and NoodleTools will prompt you to enter required information. A citation is then generated in your selected format.
• NoodleTools requires an account, so every time you log in your citations will be saved for you.
• When you are finished entering information, a reference list can be generated for you and exported to MS Word or Google Docs.

Citation Help

For more details and examples of APA citation style, visit the following websites:

• Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)
  • APA Formatting and Style Guide
  • APA Sample Paper
• APA: The Basics of APA Style Tutorial 
• The Writer’s Handbook: APA Documentation Guide (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
• Plagiarism.org: How Do I Cite Sources?

Associations

Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions (COAPI)
The Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions (COAPI) brings together representatives from North American universities with established faculty open access policies and those in the process of developing such policies. It was formed to share information and experiences and to illuminate opportunities for moving faculty-led open access forward at member institutions and advocating for open access nationally and internationally.

Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
SPARC is a global coalition committed to making Open the default for research and education. SPARC empowers people to solve big problems and make new discoveries through the adoption of policies and practices that advance Open Access, Open Data, and Open Education.

Open Access Network (OAN)
The Open Access Network (OAN) is made up of committed individuals, organizations, societies, publishers, libraries, and institutions working together to Make Knowledge Public.

Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)
The mission of OASPA is to support and represent the interests of Open Access (OA) journal and book publishers globally in all scientific, technical, and scholarly disciplines.

Right to Research Coalition
The Right to Research Coalition was founded by students in the summer of 2009 to promote an open scholarly publishing system based on the belief that no student should be denied access to the articles they need because their institution cannot afford the often high cost of access. Since its launch, the Coalition has grown to represent nearly 7 million students internationally and counts among its members the largest student organizations in both the United States and Canada.